The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation is a federal agency under the executive branch responsible for:

• drafting national policy and legal regulation for agro-business, including livestock, veterinary sciences, crop production, phyto-sanitary control, land amelioration, and soil fertility
• regulating the farm produce, raw materials and foodstuffs markets, the food and processing industry, the production and distribution of ethanol from food and non-food raw materials, products with alcohol content, alcohol and tobacco
• sustainable development of rural areas, commercial fish breeding (aquaculture), protection, study, preservation, propagation and use of wildlife including hunting regulation, and/or animals listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, and the protection of their natural habitats, and forest management relations but excluding forests in protected natural sites, nature reserves or other protected areas
• drafting and implementing national policy and legal regulation for land relations (in the case of farmlands), ensuring state monitoring of such lands
• providing state services for agro-business, including sustainable development of rural areas
• managing state property at enterprises and organisations subordinated to the ministry.