The Federal Agency for Fishery of the Russian Federation is a federal body of executive authority that has the following functions:

to draft and exercise state policy and legal regulation in the sphere of fisheries and fishing fleet production activities, as well as protection, rational use, research, preservation, and reproduction of marine biological resources and their habitat, excluding marine resources in specially protected natural reserves of federal importance and listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation;

to exercise control and supervision over marine biology resources and their habitat in the inland waters of the Russian Federation, excluding inland sea waters and the Caspian Sea and the Sea of Azov until their legal status is determined;

to provide state services and manage state property in the spheres of fishing activity, protection, rational use, research, preservation, and reproduction of marine biology resources and their habitat, as well as fish farming (excluding industrial fish farming), fish processing, navigation safety, emergency and rescue operations in fishing areas, and servicing of vessels engaged in fishing production activities at sea ports.

The Federal Agency for Fishery exercises its authorities in line with legislation of the Russian Federation on the Russian territory, in the exclusive economic zone and continental shelf of the Russian Federation and in foreign waters and the open ocean in cases specified by international agreements signed by the Russian Federation.